What are they
Lipids are naturally occurring fats or fat-like substances that are essential to skin health. In the skin, they are found primarily in the outermost layer, the stratum corneum, where they form part of the protective barrier. Key lipids in the skin include ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids. Together, they help keep moisture in and irritants out.
How they work in skincare
In skincare, lipids play a crucial role in strengthening and repairing the skin barrier. When the skin’s lipid layer is healthy and intact, the skin feels soft, smooth, and hydrated. When this layer is compromised — due to ageing, over-exfoliation, harsh weather, or certain skin conditions — skin can become dry, tight, flaky, or more prone to irritation and sensitivity.
Topical lipid-based products are designed to replenish what the skin may be lacking. These can come in the form of moisturisers, oils, or targeted treatments. Ingredients like ceramide complexes, squalane, and omega fatty acids help restore lipid balance, improve barrier function, and reduce inflammation. This is especially beneficial for dry, sensitive, or ageing skin.
Lipids also support the overall structure of the skin. They help maintain a balanced microbiome, aid in cell signalling and repair, and protect against transepidermal water loss. In more mature skin, lipid production tends to slow down, which is one reason skin becomes drier and less elastic over time.
By restoring and supporting the skin’s natural lipid content, skincare can help improve resilience, reduce redness, and enhance overall texture and comfort. Lipid-rich formulas are often recommended after active treatments or procedures, or as part of a barrier-repair routine during the winter months.
