What it is
Water in skincare is the most common ingredient in formulations, often listed as aqua on ingredient labels. It acts as a solvent, helping to dissolve active ingredients and improve product texture and absorption.
How it works in skincare
Not all water in skincare is the same! Different types serve specific functions beyond basic hydration. Here are 5 different types of water, and each plays a different role in skincare formulations.
Purified Water (Aqua, Distilled Water, Deionised Water)
The most common type, used as a base to dissolve ingredients.
Free from minerals, bacteria, and impurities that could interfere with formulations.
Thermal Water (Hot Spring Water, Thermal Spring Water)
Naturally rich in minerals like selenium and calcium.
Known for soothing, anti-inflammatory benefits, often used in sensitive skin products.
Micellar Water
Contains tiny oil molecules (micelles) suspended in soft water.
Cleanses and removes makeup without harsh surfactants.
Floral Water & Hydrosols (Rose Water, Lavender Water, Chamomile Water)
Byproducts of essential oil distillation, containing trace plant compounds.
Provide mild soothing, antioxidant, or antibacterial benefits.
Electrolyte-Infused Water
Enriched with minerals like magnesium and potassium to boost skin hydration.
Supports skin barrier function and enhances moisture retention.
Water also plays an important role as a delivery system. It helps carry active ingredients across the skin surface, supporting even application and improving how well key ingredients interact with the skin. While water itself does not hydrate the skin in the same way as oils or occlusives, it works alongside humectants such as glycerin and hyaluronic acid to help attract and retain moisture within the skin.
From a sensory perspective, water contributes to the texture and feel of skincare products. It gives formulas a lightweight, spreadable consistency that absorbs comfortably, making products easier to layer and suitable for a wide range of skin types.
Water in skincare is absolutely fine, but be aware that water-based products often need preservatives and clever packaging to prevent microbial growth.
